Smernica EP a Rady (E\u00da) 2019\/2161 z 27. novembra 2019, ktorou sa menia smernica Rady 93\/13\/EHS a smernice Eur\u00f3pskeho parlamentu a Rady 98\/6\/ES, 2005\/29\/ES a 2011\/83\/E\u00da, pokia\u013e ide o lep\u0161ie presadzovanie a moderniz\u00e1ciu predpisov \u00danie v oblasti ochrany spotrebite\u013eov (\u00da. v. E\u00da L 328, 18.12.2019) do slovensk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vneho poriadku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nZmeny, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 nov\u00e1 legislat\u00edva prinies\u0165, si klad\u00fa za cie\u013e zabezpe\u010di\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161iu ochranu spotrebite\u013eov v\u00a0online prostred\u00ed a\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasne odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 viacer\u00e9 neopodstatnen\u00e9 \u201egoldplatingy\u201c, \u010do ocenia najm\u00e4 podnikatelia.<\/p>\n
Ako uv\u00e1dza d\u00f4vodov\u00e1 spr\u00e1va, \u201enajv\u00fdraznej\u0161\u00edmi zmenami, ktor\u00e9 prin\u00e1\u0161a nov\u00e1 pr\u00e1vna \u00faprava, s\u00fa zjednotenie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch term\u00ednov v s\u00falade s legislat\u00edvou E\u00da, aktualiz\u00e1cia informa\u010dn\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek pri zmluv\u00e1ch uzatv\u00e1ran\u00fdch na dia\u013eku alebo mimo prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch priestorov obchodn\u00edka v s\u00favislosti s digitaliz\u00e1ciou a nov\u00e1 \u00faprava informa\u010dn\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eov online trhov, ktor\u00ed bud\u00fa musie\u0165 napr\u00edklad vyslovene uvies\u0165, \u010di ponuka poch\u00e1dza od obchodn\u00edka alebo nepodnikate\u013ea, aby kupuj\u00faci mali transparentn\u00fa inform\u00e1ciu, \u010di pri k\u00fape bud\u00fa po\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ochranu priznan\u00fa im v pr\u00e1vnom postaven\u00ed spotrebite\u013ea.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\nProstredn\u00edctvom noveliz\u00e1cie z\u00e1kona \u010d. 40\/1964 Zb. Ob\u010diansky z\u00e1konn\u00edk v znen\u00ed neskor\u0161\u00edch predpisov sa do pr\u00e1vneho poriadku SR defin\u00edcie digit\u00e1lneho obsahu, digit\u00e1lnej slu\u017eby \u010di veci s digit\u00e1lnymi prvkami.<\/p>\n
Ak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tne zmeny u\u017e vl\u00e1dou schv\u00e1len\u00e1 legislat\u00edva prinesie?<\/p>\n
\n- \u00daprava povinnosti sp\u00f4sobu informovania o\u00a0zn\u00ed\u017eenej cene tovaru, napr\u00edklad po\u010das akci\u00ed Black Friday<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
V\u00a0navrhovanom \u00a7 7 z\u00e1kona o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea sa upravuje povinnos\u0165 obchodn\u00edka v\u00a0ka\u017edom ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o\u00a0zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tovaru uv\u00e1dza\u0165 aj predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facu cenu tovaru. Cie\u013eom tohto ustanovenia je zamedzi\u0165 zav\u00e1dzaj\u00facim machin\u00e1ci\u00e1m s cenami obchodn\u00edkmi, a t\u00fdm aj zav\u00e1dzaniu spotrebite\u013eov o sume re\u00e1lnej z\u013eavy.<\/p>\n
Podstatnou je preto defin\u00edcia \u201epredch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej ceny\u201c, ktor\u00fa z\u00e1kon definuje ako cenu, za ktor\u00fa obchodn\u00edk poskytoval produkt po\u010das obdobia nie krat\u0161ieho ako 30 dn\u00ed pred zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm ceny.<\/strong> Z\u00e1kon tak adresne cieli na \u0161pekulat\u00edvne navy\u0161ovanie cien tovarov tesne pred ich akciov\u00fdm zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm, kedy doch\u00e1dzalo k\u00a0umel\u00e9mu a\u00a0spravidla kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9mu nav\u00fd\u0161eniu cien tovarov a\u00a0to tak, aby sa z\u013eava \u201ev akcii\u201c javila \u010do najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia.<\/p>\nNie je pritom d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 ako dlho z\u013eava trv\u00e1. Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faca cena je v\u017edy cena, za ktor\u00fa obchodn\u00edk poskytoval produkt po\u010das obdobia nie krat\u0161ieho ako 30 dn\u00ed pred zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm ceny. T\u00e1to \u00faprava plat\u00ed aj pre pr\u00edpady, kedy obchodn\u00edk na kr\u00e1tke obdobie zn\u00ed\u017ei cenu a potom ju op\u00e4tovne zv\u00fd\u0161i (typicky kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 akcia \u201eBlack Friday\u201c), a to aj ak ich je nieko\u013eko za sebou. Obchodn\u00edk je opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd pouk\u00e1za\u0165 aj na p\u00f4vodn\u00fa cenu tovaru, av\u0161ak je povinn\u00fd uvies\u0165 v\u017edy aj najni\u017e\u0161iu cenu, za ktor\u00fa v\u00fdrobok poskytoval v obdob\u00ed aspo\u0148 30 dn\u00ed pred zn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm ceny<\/p>\n
\n- Odst\u00fapenie od zmluvy uzavretej na dia\u013eku<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Uveden\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo spotrebite\u013ea odst\u00fapi\u0165 od zmluvy uzavretej na dia\u013eku aj bez uvedenia d\u00f4vodu sa od aktu\u00e1lnej pr\u00e1vnej \u00fapravy \u2013 pokia\u013e ide o\u00a0\u0161trn\u00e1s\u0165d\u0148ov\u00fa lehotu – z\u00e1sadn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom nel\u00ed\u0161i. Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea v\u0161ak zav\u00e1dza aj nov\u00fa tridsa\u0165d\u0148ov\u00fa lehotu, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje spotrebite\u013eovi odst\u00fapi\u0165 od zmluvy uzatvorenej pri nevy\u017eiadanej n\u00e1v\u0161teve, na predajnej akcii alebo v s\u00favislosti s t\u00fdmito okolnos\u0165ami.<\/p>\n
Pod\u013ea \u00a7 20 nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea m\u00f4\u017ee spotrebite\u013e odst\u00fapi\u0165 od zmluvy uzavretej na dia\u013eku alebo od zmluvy uzavretej mimo prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch priestorov obchodn\u00edka do <\/em><\/p>\n\n- 14 dn\u00ed<\/em><\/strong> odo d\u0148a <\/em><\/li>\n
- prevzatia tovaru spotrebite\u013eom pod\u013ea odseku 4, <\/em><\/li>\n
- uzavretia zmluvy, ktorej predmetom je poskytnutie slu\u017eby, <\/em><\/li>\n
- uzavretia zmluvy o dod\u00e1van\u00ed vody, ktor\u00e1 nie je na predaj v obmedzenom objeme alebo v ur\u010denom mno\u017estve, a zmluvy o dod\u00e1vke a odbere tepla, <\/em><\/li>\n
- uzavretia zmluvy o dodan\u00ed digit\u00e1lneho obsahu, ktor\u00fd obchodn\u00edk dod\u00e1va inak ako na hmotnom nosi\u010di, <\/em><\/li>\n
- 30 dn\u00ed<\/em><\/strong> odo d\u0148a uzavretia zmluvy pri nevy\u017eiadanej n\u00e1v\u0161teve alebo v s\u00favislosti s \u0148ou alebo na predajnej akcii alebo v s\u00favislosti s \u0148ou.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
N\u00e1sledne mo\u017eno postup z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch str\u00e1n po odst\u00fapen\u00ed od zmluvy diferencova\u0165 pod\u013ea toho, \u010di spotrebite\u013e odstupoval od zmluvy (i) uzatvorenej na dia\u013eku resp. mimo prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch priestorov obchodn\u00edka alebo od zmluvy (ii) uzatvorenej pri nevy\u017eiadanej n\u00e1v\u0161teve, na predajnej akcii alebo v s\u00favislosti s\u00a0\u0148ou.<\/p>\n
V\u00a0prvom pr\u00edpade je spotrebite\u013e povinn\u00fd do 14 dn\u00ed odo d\u0148a odst\u00fapenia od zmluvy zasla\u0165 tovar sp\u00e4\u0165 alebo odovzda\u0165 tovar obchodn\u00edkovi\/osobe ur\u010denej obchodn\u00edkom a\u00a0obchodn\u00edk je povinn\u00fd do 14 dn\u00ed odo d\u0148a doru\u010denia ozn\u00e1menia o odst\u00fapen\u00ed od zmluvy vr\u00e1ti\u0165 spotrebite\u013eovi v\u0161etky platby, ktor\u00e9 od neho prijal.<\/p>\n
V\u00a0druhom pr\u00edpade v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee spotrebite\u013e po\u017eadova\u0165 prednostn\u00e9 vr\u00e1tenie k\u00fapnej ceny a\u00a0a\u017e n\u00e1sledne bude povinn\u00fd tovar vr\u00e1ti\u0165. Z\u00e1kon vyslovene hovor\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eSpotrebite\u013e je opr\u00e1vnen\u00fd odoprie\u0165 vr\u00e1tenie tovaru, ktor\u00fd nadobudol na z\u00e1klade zmluvy uzavretej pri nevy\u017eiadanej n\u00e1v\u0161teve, na predajnej akcii alebo v s\u00favislosti s \u0148ou, k\u00fdm obchodn\u00edk spotrebite\u013eovi vr\u00e1ti zaplaten\u00fa cenu\u201c.<\/em><\/p>\n\n- Osobitn\u00e1 informa\u010dn\u00e1 povinnos\u0165 prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013ea online trhu<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Ustanovenie \u00a7 16 nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea definuje informa\u010dn\u00fa povinnos\u0165 prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eov online trhu, teda slu\u017eby, v\u010faka ktorej m\u00f4\u017ee spotrebite\u013e uzatvori\u0165 zmluvu tak s\u00a0obchodn\u00edkom, ako aj s\u00a0in\u00fdm spotrebite\u013eom, a\u00a0to prostredn\u00edctvom softv\u00e9ru alebo webov\u00e9ho s\u00eddla. V\u00a0praxi p\u00f4jde naj\u010dastej\u0161ie o\u00a0r\u00f4zne internetov\u00e9 baz\u00e1re, auk\u010dn\u00e9 port\u00e1ly \u010di z\u013eavov\u00e9 port\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n
Prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013e online trhu je povinn\u00fd pred uzavret\u00edm zmluvy na online trhu alebo pred t\u00fdm, ako sa ponuka na online trhu stane pre spotrebite\u013ea z\u00e1v\u00e4znou, spotrebite\u013eovi jasne, zrozumite\u013ene a sp\u00f4sobom primeran\u00fdm prostriedku dia\u013ekovej komunik\u00e1cie napr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n
\n- ozn\u00e1mi\u0165 skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u010di osoba, ktor\u00e1 pon\u00faka produkt na online trhu, je obchodn\u00edkom pod\u013ea vyhl\u00e1senia<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 poskytla prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eovi online a\u00a0v\u00a0tomto kontexte aj<\/li>\n
- pou\u010di\u0165 spotrebite\u013ea, \u017ee sa na zmluvu sa nebud\u00fa vz\u0165ahova\u0165 pr\u00e1vne predpisy na ochranu spotrebite\u013ea, ak osoba ktor\u00e1 produkt pred\u00e1va, nie je obchodn\u00edkom.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u00da\u010delom poskytovania uveden\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed je informovanie spotrebite\u013ea o tom, kto bude zmluvnou stranou jeho z\u00e1v\u00e4zku pod\u013ea uzavretej zmluvy, a\u00a0teda \u010di v pr\u00edpade uzavretia zmluvy vznikne v konkr\u00e9tnom pr\u00edpade spotrebite\u013esk\u00fd vz\u0165ah. T\u00e1to povinnos\u0165 tie\u017e prispeje k\u00a0tomu, aby sa zamedzilo spr\u00e1vaniu obchodn\u00edkov, ktor\u00ed by sa na online trhu mohli vyd\u00e1va\u0165 za spotrebite\u013eov.<\/p>\n
\n- Oznamovacia povinnos\u0165 obchodn\u00edkov pri do\u010dasnom uzavret\u00ed prev\u00e1dzky<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Pod\u013ea aktu\u00e1lne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho \u00a7 15 z\u00e1kona \u010d. 250\/2007 Z. z. o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea pri do\u010dasnom uzavret\u00ed prev\u00e1dzkarne je obchodn\u00edk povinn\u00fd na mieste, kde je uveden\u00e1 prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e1 doba, ozna\u010di\u0165 za\u010diatok a koniec uzavretia prev\u00e1dzkarne, a to najnesk\u00f4r 24 hod\u00edn pred do\u010dasn\u00fdm uzavret\u00edm prev\u00e1dzkarne za predpokladu, \u017ee prev\u00e1dzkare\u0148 je uzavret\u00e1 dlh\u0161ie ako jeden de\u0148.<\/p>\n
T\u00fato povinnos\u0165 obchodn\u00edkom u\u017e nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea nestanovuje<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" D\u0148a 14. apr\u00edla 2023 schv\u00e1lila Vl\u00e1da SR n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea, ktor\u00fd, pokia\u013e v\u00a0takomto znen\u00ed prejde n\u00e1rodnou radou, nadobudne \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 d\u0148a 1. augusta 2023 a v\u00a0celom rozsahu nahrad\u00ed aktu\u00e1lne platn\u00fd z\u00e1kon \u010d. 250\/2007 Z. z. o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea. Hlavn\u00fdm d\u00f4vodom rev\u00edzie s\u00fa\u010dasnej pr\u00e1vnej \u00fapravy bola potreba transpoz\u00edcie \u00a0nasledovn\u00fdch smern\u00edc Eur\u00f3pskeho parlamentu a\u00a0Rady (E\u00da) do slovensk\u00e9ho…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1305,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk"],"yoast_head":"
Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ochrane spotrebite\u013ea - BOOM & SMART<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/boomandsmart.com\/novy-zakon-o-ochrane-spotrebitela\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ochrane spotrebite\u013ea - BOOM & SMART\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\" D\u0148a 14. apr\u00edla 2023 schv\u00e1lila Vl\u00e1da SR n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea, ktor\u00fd, pokia\u013e v\u00a0takomto znen\u00ed prejde n\u00e1rodnou radou, nadobudne \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 d\u0148a 1. augusta 2023 a v\u00a0celom rozsahu nahrad\u00ed aktu\u00e1lne platn\u00fd z\u00e1kon \u010d. 250\/2007 Z. z. o\u00a0ochrane spotrebite\u013ea. 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